The specific aims of this project were:​ 1) to determine the exposure rates of conducted electrical weapons;​ 2) determine the physiological effects of these devices using a swine model;​ 3) determine whether the mass of the animal had an affect on the outcome;​ 4) determine whether the spacing of the darts affected the response to such devices and;​ 5) develop a model to assess these devices in a physiologically stressful state. The number of exposures of conducted electrical weapons from January 2001 - February 2006 was estimated to be 183,309. Given that 1-23 people died in this same time period due to these devices the risk of death is 1:​183,309 to 1:​7,970. There was transient respiratory acidosis, hyperlactatemia and an increase in cardiac output after one or more sets of exposures in swine. When the mass of the animal was examined, it was found that the smaller mass group exhibited a hypotensive state after each set of exposures and a significant increase in heart rate, while the larger mass group did not and the smaller mass group was more acidotic. There was also a difference in response to these devices when the dart spread was changed. Increasing the dart spread caused an increase in heart rate possibly related to cardiac capture and additional hypotension, acidosis and hyperlactatemia were recorded which may have been attributed to a more strenuous muscle contraction. The combination of a physiological stress and exposure to a CEW led to an increase in fatalities when compared with a group subjected to either the stress or the CEW. The arrhythmias recorded when swine were subjected to both stress and a CEW were indicative of hyperkalemia and acidosis.