1Park Nicollet Clinic and HealthPartners Institute, HealthPartners Inc., Bloomington, MN, USA
2Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
3Department of Medicine and Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
4Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA