Traumatic Brain Injury in the United States: Emergency Department Visits, Hospitalizations, and Deaths

Affiliations

¹Division of Injury and Disability Outcomes and Programs, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control

²Office of Statistics and Programming, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control

Links

URL: https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/12294

Cited Works (5)

Year	Entry
1999	Thurman DJ, Alverson C, Dunn KA, Guerrero J, Sniezek JE. Traumatic brain injury in the United States: a public health perspective. J Head Trauma Rehabil. December 1999;14(6):602-615.
1995	Sosin DM, Sniezek JE, Waxweiler RJ. Trends in death associated with traumatic brain injury, 1979 through 1992: success and failure. JAMA. June 14, 1995;273(22):1778-1780.
1989	MacKenzie EJ, Steinwachs DM, Shankar B. Classifying trauma severity based on hospital discharge diagnoses: validation of an ICD-9CM to AIS-85 conversion table. Med Care. April 1989;27(4):412-422.
1996	Sosin DM, Sniezek JE, Thurman DJ. Incidence of mild and moderate brain injury in the United States, 1991. Brain Inj. January 1996;10(1):47-54.
2002	Adekoya N, Thurman DJ, White DD, Webb KW. Surveillance for traumatic brain injury deaths: United States, 1989–1998. MMWR Surveill Summ. December 6, 2002;51(20):1-14.

Cited By (26)

Year	Entry
2012	Coats B, Eucker SA, Sullivan S, Margulies SS. Finite element model predictions of intracranial hemorrhage from non-impact, rapid head rotations in the piglet. Int J Dev Neurosci. May 2012;30(3):191-200.
2010	Carroll CP, Cochran JA, Price JP, Guse CE, Wang MC. The AIS-2005 revision in severe traumatic brain injury: mission accomplished or problems for future research? In: 54th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 17-20, 2010; Las Vegas, NV.233-238.
2006	Loyd AM, Daniel C, Mukundan S, Marcus J, Schoenleber J, Marshall S, Das RR, Myers BS, Nightingale RW. 3-D average skull contour data for 3-year-olds and 5-year-olds: a pilot study. In: Proceedings of the 34th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research. 2006.41-52.
2005	Hrapko M, van Dommelen JAW, Peters GWM, Wismans JSHM. The mechanical behaviour of brain tissue: large strain response and constitutive modelling. In: Proceedings of the 2005 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 21-23, 2005; Prague, Czech Republic.59-69.
2007	Li J, Zhang J, Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Gennarelli TA. Role of rotational acceleration and deceleration pulses on brain strains in lateral impact. In: Proceedings of the 2007 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 19-21, 2007; Maastricht, The Netherlands.173-183.
2008	Compagnone C, Tagliaferri F, Yoganandan N, Gennarelli TA. Brain lesions in motor vehicle crashes: differences between side and frontal impacts. In: Proceedings of the 2008 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 17-19, 2008; Bern, Switzerland.115-121.
2011	Li Z, Hu J, Zhang J. Development, validation and application of a parametric pediatric head finite element model for impact simulations. In: Proceedings of the 7th Ohio State University Injury Biomechanics Symposium. May 22-24, 2011; Columbus, OH.
2006	Singh A, Lu Y, Chen C, Kallakuri S, Cavanaugh JM. A new model of traumatic axonal injury to determine the effects of strain and displacement rates. Stapp Car Crash J. 2006;50:601-623. SAE 2006-22-0023.
2010	Loyd AM, Nightingale R, Bass CRD, Mertz HJ, Frush D, Daniel C, Lee C, Marcus JR, Mukundan S, Myers BS. Pediatric head contours and inertial properties for ATD design. Stapp Car Crash J. 2010;54:167-196. SAE 2010-22-0009.
2010	Mandell SP, Kaufman R, Mack CD, Bulger EM. Mortality and injury patterns associated with roof crush in rollover crashes. Accid Anal Prev. July 2010;42(4):1326-1331.
2012	Caswell SV, Lincoln AE, Almquist JL, Dunn RE, Hinton RY. Video incident analysis of head injuries in high school girls’ lacrosse. Am J Sports Med. April 2012;40(4):756-762.
2011	Li Z, Hu J, Reed MP, Rupp JD, Hoff CN, Zhang J, Cheng B. Development, validation, and application of a parametric pediatric head finite element model for impact simulations. Ann Biomed Eng. December 2011;39(12):2984-2997.
2012	McAllister TW, Ford JC, Ji S, Beckwith JG, Flashman LA, Paulsen K, Greenwald RM. Maximum principal strain and strain rate associated with concussion diagnosis correlates with changes in corpus callosum white matter indices. Ann Biomed Eng. January 2012;40(1):127-140.
2006	Hrapko M, van Dommelen J, Peters GWM, Wismans JSHM. The mechanical behaviour of brain tissue: large strain response and constitutive modelling. Biorheology. 2006;43(5):623-636.
2010	Roth S, Raul J-S, Willinger R. Finite element modelling of paediatric head impact: global validation against experimental data. Comput Methods Prog Biomed. July 2010;99(1):25-33.
2006	Langlois JA, Rutland-Brown W, Wald MM. The epidemiology and impact of traumatic brain injury: a brief overview. J Head Trauma Rehabil. September–October 2006;21(5):375-378.
2006	Coats B, Margulies SS. Material properties of human infant skull and suture at high rates. J Neurotrauma. August 2006;23(8):1222-1232.
2011	Loyd AM. Studies of the Human Head from Neonate to Adult: An Inertial, Geometrical and Structural Analysis With Comparisons to the ATD Head [PhD thesis]. Duke University; 2011.
2005	Cullen DK. Traumatically-Induced Degeneration and Reactive Astrogliosis in Three-Dimensional Neural Co-Cultures: Factors Influencing Neural Stem Cell Survival and Integration [PhD thesis]. Atlanta, GA: Georgia Institute of Technology; December 2005.
2006	Tate CC. The Role of Extracellular Matrix Proteins in Traumatic Brain Injury and Cell Transplantation [PhD thesis]. Atlanta, GA: Georgia Institute of Technology; August 2006.
2008	Lessing MC. The Acute Cellular and Behavioral Response to Mechanical Neuronal Injury [PhD thesis]. Atlanta, GA: Georgia Institute of Technology; December 2008.
2010	Vernekar VN. Optimization of 3-D Neural Culture and Extracellular Electrophysiology for Studying Injury-Induced Morphological and Functional Changes [PhD thesis]. Atlanta, GA: Georgia Institute of Technology; May 2010.
2010	Scherer MR. Characterizing High Velocity Angular Vestibulo Ocular Reflex Function in Service Members Post Blast Exposure [PhD thesis]. University of Maryland; 2010.
2009	Eucker SA. Effect of Head Rotation Direction on Closed Head Injury in Neonatal Piglets [PhD thesis]. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania; 2009.
2010	Miller W. Mechanisms of Astrocytic Calcium Wave Propagation and in Vitro Hippocampal Cell Death Are Determined by the Magnitude of Mechanical Injury [PhD thesis]. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania; 2010.
2011	Zakaria N. Comparison of Progression of Diffuse Axonal Injury With Histology and Diffusion Tensor Imaging [PhD thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; 2011.