The second death reason in children since 5 until 14 years is related with injures produced during traffic incidents mainly due to vehicle’s passive safety systems, which are not designed to safeguard their lives. Thus, current traffic norms impose the usage of Child Restraint Systems (CRS).
Notwithstanding, CRS for children with different ailments as bone-degenerative ones do not exist. For instance, around half a million persons suffering Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) are estimated to exist. At the best knowledge of the authors, currently, there is no CRS specially development for children with OI.
This work in progress aims to provide a solution for car mobility of infants with OI based on a CRS designed to dissipate a part of kinetic energy during vehicular impacts.
The proposed mechanism consists on a Cartesian mechanism system with linear displacements in axis X, featuring springs and dampers, which is aimed to dissipate kinetic energy in order to reduce the decelerations reaches for the child during a frontal crash. The system is designed in CAD software and is then analyzed numerically, through a 2D dynamical Software simulation.
In order to obtain a cheap and adaptable CRS, it was established a methodology based on the research, recovery, and analysis of information. The mechanics has been development to the new European standard R129 (I- SIZE).
This appliance can dissipate kinetic energy in critical amounts, which could cause damage to OI minors. Numerical analyses show the appropriateness of the design for the purpose of safeguarding OI bones from fractures during front impacts.
Critical deceleration can be present during this kind of impacts. Nevertheless, numerical results validate them obtaining lower decelerations using the proposed system than using ones of the typical CRS.
Despite 2D dynamical recreation, manufacture of the prototype and its further test in a sled platform to confirm that the design accomplishes its goal for different age groups according to R129 is required. Further research on optimizing the CRS is required so to improve these features.
It is important to remark that even the new European standard R129 (introduced completely) in 2018, as well as traffic regulations around the world (up to the best the knowledge of the authors), do not require the usage of any specialized CRS for infants with OI or for any other bone-degenerative diseases. Thus, this research sets an important precedent for the development of this type of specific systems as well as for corresponding regulations to protect OI child population of high risk in vehicular accidents.