The main objective of this study was to assess the risk of contracting Myocardial Infarction subsequent to vibration exposure. A second aim was to assess a possible exposure-response relationship. A population-based case-control study of risk factors for acute myocardial infarction was conducted. The Västernorrland heart epidemiology programme (VHEEP) was the source of the data and the study base comprised all Swedish citizens living in the county of Västernorrland, who were 45–65 years of age. Exposure information was collected via questionnaire and vibration exposure was assessed in 218 cases and 257 controls. Relative risks were estimated using odds ratios from binary logistic regression. The results showed that exposure to hand arm vibration increased the risk of acute myocardial infarction (OR_overall:​ 1,57 95% CI:​ 1,05 to 2,36). It was not possible, however, to determine any exposure-response relationship.