The occupants of all ages and sizes can be seated in the rear seats. But legal requirements regarding the qualification of the second seat row restraint system with anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) currently do not exist. The protection of frontal seat passengers in both driver and front seated occupant has been more focused from the auto industries as well as regulatory bodies more than 40 years. Fortunately, their interests have been extended to rear seat occupants especially children and female occupants in recent years. However, the current available safety devices for the rear seat occupants are standard seat belt system only. Also, the majority of the rear seat occupant studies were focused to evaluate and protect child either CRS or using seat belt restrained in rear seat. The rear seat seemed to offer the greatest protection to children 0–12 years. Children seated in the rear seat had a lower risk of death compared with front seat passengers whether or not they were restrained. However, among adolescent and adult passengers, the rear seat offered less protection with increasing age and when restraints were used.

As a pilot project in Korea, total 452 accident cases have been collected and numbers of injured occupants (in patient) were 698. Drivers were 383 (54.9%), front passengers were 164, 2nd row left side seat were 47 (6.7%), 2nd row right side seat were 82 (11.6%), 2nd row middle seat were 15 (2.1%), and the remains are 3rd and 4th row seat occupants. Results from ISS injury severity analysis, the occupant of driver seating position has the highest ISS scores, 7.8±10.3, while front passenger (7.7±12.9), 2nd middle seat (6.3±7.7), 2nd left seat (6.1±9.3), 2nd right seat 6±11.7), 3rd left seat (6±0.0), 3rd middle seat (5±0.0), and 3rd left seat (2.8±1.7). Although the analysis was based on the limited numbers of data set, the safety of the rear seat adult occupants can’t be ignored. Especially, the majority of rear seat potential occupants may be vulnerable occupants such as child, female with children, pregnant woman, and elderly.

In this study, the rear seat belts anchorage locations of the current domestic passenger vehicles were investigated to evaluate the influence of rear seat belt anchorage geometrical configurations in terms of the rear seat passenger safety. The sled type simulation models are developed with three point belts are fitted on the HybridⅢ 5th percentile dummy and HybridⅢ 50th percentile dummy. The injury value, particularly HIC15 and Chest deflection were examined to evaluate the contribution of rear seat belt anchorage locations.