An on-the-spot study of 201 motorcycle casualties in Nigeria showed a high percentage of possession of crash helmets following the crash helmet legislation in the country. The mode of participation in road crashes was mostly by collision with motor cars and lorries. The anatomical distribution of injuries of those who died on the spot was found to be mostly on the head while among those who were taken to hospital the lower limbs were mostly injured. The prevention of motorcycle accident and its sequelae based on prevention of the occurrence and amelioration of the effects of accidents is discussed.