An anatomically detailed finite element model (FEM) of the male human torso has been generated using geometry obtained from a model of the human anatomy developed for the computer graphics industry. The model represents a 5th percentile male human based on anthropometric data from the US Army. The geometry was used as a starting point to create finite element models of all the anatomic components, including the skeletal structure (vertebral column, ribs, cartilage, and sternum), stomach, lungs, liver, heart (including the aorta), muscles, and skin. The model also includes personal body armor representing a Level II vest. LS-DYNA was used to analyze the 245,000 element model simulating air blast. Material properties for the various soft tissues were obtained from high strain rate experiments on human organ tissue samples at rates ranging from 200-3000 s-1 using a modified Kolsky (split- Hopkinson) bar. This model has been used to evaluate pressures and deformation in specific areas of the thorax in response to blast loading, and to compare the results to existing injury criteria.
Keywords:
thorax; blast loading; Finite Element Method (FEM); human tissue data.