Cervical spine segment finite element model validation and verification at traumatic loading levels for injury prediction

wbldb

DeWit, Jennifer A.¹; Cronin, Duane S.¹

Cervical spine segment finite element model validation and verification at traumatic loading levels for injury prediction

Proceedings of the 2010 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact

Affiliations

¹University of Waterloo, Mechanical Engineering, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
Abstract and keywords

The objective of this study was to verify and validate an enhanced cervical spine segment finite element model to predict tissue-level failure under tension and compression loading. The predicted failure locations were representative of reported cervical spine injuries, and the predicted peak failure forces were within the reported experimental corridors. The displacement to failure of the tension simulation was lower than expected, attributed to limitations in the constitutive model. This study provides a validated approach to predict tissue-level failure for cervical spine segments, predicting the location and sequence of tissue failure, and can be applied to full cervical spine models for the prediction of injurious loading in automotive crash scenarios.

Keywords: Finite Element Method, Spine, Injury, Validation

Cited Works (35)

Year	Entry
1997	Kleinberger M, Summers L. Mechanisms of injuries for adults and children resulting from airbag interaction. In: 41st Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). November 10-11, 1997; Orlando, FL.405-420.
1995	Goel VK, Monroe BT, Gilbertson LG, Brinckmann P. Interlaminar shear stresses and laminae separation in a disc: finite element analysis of the L3-L4 motion segment subjected to axial compressive loads. Spine. March 15, 1995;20(6):689-698.
1985	Chazal J, Tanguy A, Bourges M, Gaurel G, Escande G, Guillot M, Vanneuville G. Biomechanical properties of spinal ligaments and a histological study of the supraspinal ligament in traction. J Biomech. 1985;18(3):167-176.
2009	Fice JB, Cronin DS, Panzer MB. Investigation of facet joint response under rear impact conditions using FE model of the cervical spine. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 15-18, 2009; Stuttgart, Germany.
1986	Panjabi MM, Summers DJ, Pelker RR, Videman T, Friedlaender GE, Southwick WO. Three-dimensional load-displacement curves due to forces on the cervical spine. J Orthop Res. 1986;4(2):152-161.
2005	Iatridis JC, MacLean JJ, Ryan DA. Mechanical damage to the intervertebral disc annulus fibrosus subjected to tensile loading. J Biomech. March 2005;38(3):557-565.
2002	Carter JW, Ku GS, Nuckley DJ, Ching RP. Tolerance of the cervical spine to eccentric axial compression. Stapp Car Crash J. 2002;46:441-459. SAE 2002-22-0022.
1989	Cassidy JJ, Hiltner A, Baer E. Hierarchical structure of the intervertebral disc. Connect Tissue Res. 1989;23(1):75-88.
2000	Halldin PH, Brolin K, Kleiven S, von Holst H, Jakobsson L, Palmertz C. Investigation of conditions that affect neck compression-flexion injuries using numerical techniques. Stapp Car Crash J. 2000;44:127-138. SAE 2000-01-SC10.
2001	Yeh OC, Keaveny TM. Relative roles of microdamage and microfracture in the mechanical behavior of trabecular bone. J Orthop Res. October 2001;19(6):1001-1007.
1989	Yoganandan N, Pintar F, Butler J, Reinartz J, Sances A Jr, Larson SJ. Dynamic response of human cervical spine ligaments. Spine. October 1989;14(10):1102-1110.
1995	Myers BS, Van Ee CA, Camacho DLA, Woolley CT, Best TM. On the structural and material properties of mammalian skeletal muscle and its relevance to human cervical impact dynamics. In: Proceedings of the 39th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 8-10, 1995; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:203-214. SAE 952723.
2005	Holzapfel GA, Schulze-Bauer CAJ, Feigl G, Regitnig P. Single lamellar mechanics of the human lumbar anulus fibrosus. Biomech Model Mechanobiol. March 2005;3(3):125-140.
1998	Quapp KM, Weiss JA. Material characterization of human medial collateral ligament. J Biomech Eng. December 1998;120(6):757-763.
2004	Wagner DR, Lotz JC. Theoretical model and experimental results for the nonlinear elastic behavior of human annulus fibrosus. J Orthop Res. July 2004;22(4):901-909.
2001	Teo EC, Ng HW. Evaluation of the role of ligaments, facets and disc nucleus in lower cervical spine under compression and sagittal moments using finite element method. Med Eng Phys. April 2001;23(3):155-164.
2009	Dibb AT, Nightingale RW, Luck JF, Chancey VC, Fronheiser LE, Myers BS. Tension and combined tension-extension structural response and tolerance properties of the human male ligamentous cervical spine. J Biomech Eng. August 2009;131(8):081008.
2009	Panzer MB, Cronin DS. C4–C5 segment finite element model development, validation, and load-sharing investigation. J Biomech. March 11, 2009;42(4):480-490.
1966	McElhaney JH. Dynamic response of bone and muscle tissue. J Appl Physiol. 1966;21(4):1231-1236.
2001	Yoganandan N, Kumaresan S, Pintar FA. Biomechanics of the cervical spine, II: cervical spine soft tissue responses and biomechanical modeling. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). January 2001;16(1):1-27.
1993	Traynelis VC, Gold M. Cervical spine injury in an air-bag-equipped vehicle. J Spinal Disord. February 1993;6(1):60-61.
1976	Lindahl O. Mechanical properties of dried defatted spongy bone. Acta Orthop Scand. 1976;47(1):11-19.
1993	Blacksin MF. Patterns of fracture after air bag deployment. J Trauma. December 1993;35(6):840-843.
1998	Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Kumaresan S, Elhagediab A. Biomechanical assessment of human cervical spine ligaments. In: Proceedings of the 42nd Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 2-4, 1998; Tempa, AZ. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:223-236. SAE 983159.
2006	Panzer MB. Numerical Modelling of the Human Cervical Spine in Frontal Impact [Master's thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2006.
2000	Van Ee CA, Nightingale RW, Camacho DLA, Chancey VC, Knaub KE, Sun EA, Myers BS. Tensile properties of the human muscular and ligamentous cervical spine. Stapp Car Crash J. 2000;44:85-102. SAE 2000-01-SC07.
2004	Meyer F, Bourdet N, Deck C, Willinger R, Raul JS. Human neck finite element model development and validation against original experimental data. Stapp Car Crash J. 2004;48:177-206. SAE 2004-22-0008.
1997	Fujita Y, Duncan NA, Lotz JC. Radial tensile properties of the lumbar annulus fibrosus are site and degeneration dependent. J Orthop Res. November 1997;15(6):814-819.
1991	Shea M, Edwards WT, White AA, Hayes WC. Variations of stiffness and strength along the human cervical-spine. J Biomech. 1991;24(2):95-107.
2002	Cusick JF, Yoganandan N. Biomechanics of the cervical spine, IV: major injuries. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). January 2002;17(1):1-20.
1990	White AA III, Panjabi MM. Clinical Biomechanics of the Spine. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: J.B. Lippincott Company; 1990.
1983	Denis F. The three column spine and its significance in the classification of acute thoracolumbar spinal injuries. Spine. November–December 1983;8(8):817-831.
2002	Robertson A, Branfoot T, Barlow IF, Giannoudis PV. Spinal injury patterns resulting from car and motorcycle accidents. Spine. December 15, 2002;27(24):2825-2830.
1997	Kumaresan S, Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Voo LM, Cusick JF, Larson SJ. Finite element modeling of cervical laminectomy with graded facetectomy. J Spinal Disord. February 1997;10(1):40-46.
1994	Skaggs DL, Weidenbaum M, Iatridis JC, Ratcliffe A, Mow VC. Regional variation in tensile properties and biochemical composition of the human lumbar anulus fibrosus. Spine. June 1994;19(12):1310-1319.

Cited By (6)

Year	Entry
2011	Fice JB, Moulton JA, Cronin DS. Development of a detailed finite element neck model for automotive safety research. In: Proceedings of the 39th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research. 2011.
2017	John JD, Yoganandan N, Arun MWJ, Kumar GS. Sagittal curvature and vertebra axial geometry effects on cervical spine global and local responses. In: Proceedings of the 2017 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 13-15, 2017; Antwerp, Belgium.652-653.
2012	Mattucci SFE, Moulton JA, Chandrashekar N, Cronin DS. Strain rate dependent properties of younger human cervical spine ligaments. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. June 2012;10:216-226.
2011	Panzer MB, Fice JB, Cronin DS. Cervical spine response in frontal crash. Med Eng Phys. November 2011;33(9):1147-1159.
2011	Mattucci S. Strain Rate Dependent Properties of Younger Human Cervical Spine Ligaments [Master's thesis]. Waterloo, ON: University of Waterloo; 2011.
2022	Pastula CC. Assessment of Occupant Response in Frontal Bus Crash Scenarios Using Human Body Models to Improve Public Transportation Safety [Master's thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2022.