Model studies of the stiffness characteristics of the human knee joint

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Andriacchi, T. P.¹; Mikosz, R .P.¹; Hampton, S. J.¹; Galante, J. O.¹

Model studies of the stiffness characteristics of the human knee joint

J Biomech. 1983;16(1):23-29

©1983 Pergamon Press Ltd.

Affiliations

¹Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke’s Medical Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 1753 West Congress Parkway, Chicago, IL 60612, U.S.A.
Abstract

A three-dimensional mathematical model of the ligamentous knee joint has been developed and applied to studies of the mechanical response of the knee joint. The model includes a representation of the bony portion of the knee including the proximal tibia, distal femur, soft tissue structure and the contacting surfaces of the medial and lateral condyles. The bony portions of the model are represented by rigid bodies while the soft tissue structures are represented by spring and beam type elements. The model employs the direct stiffness approach from structural mechanics and uses an incremental linearization procedure for the geometric and material non-linearities.

Studies with the model indicate that the geometric type non-linearities contribute to the overall non-linear response of the knee joint. It was also found that the load-displacement response of the knee is highly dependent on constraints to coupled degrees of freedom. This finding may be an important consideration when interpreting the results of standard laxity tests at the knee, which by their nature may impose constraints to motion.
Links

DOI: 10.1016/0021-9290(83)90043-X

PubMed: 6833307

WoS: A1983QE15900003
History

Received: 1982-05-24

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1985	Huiskes R, Kremers J, de Lange A, Woltring HJ, Selvik G, van Rens TJG. Analytical stereophotogrammetric determination of three-dimensional knee-joint geometry. J Biomech. 1985;18(8):559-570.
1988	Blankevoort L, Huiskes R, de Lange A. The envelope of passive knee joint motion. J Biomech. 1988;21(9):705-720.
1989	Yamaguchi GT, Zajac FE. A planar model of the knee joint to characterize the knee extensor mechanism. J Biomech. 1989;22(1):1-10.
1989	Essinger JR, Leyvraz PF, Heegard JH, Robertson DD. A mathematical model for the evaluation of the behaviour during flexion of condylar-type knee prostheses. J Biomech. 1989;22(11-12):1229-1241.
1991	Hirokawa S. Three-dimensional mathematical model analysis of the patellofemoral joint. J Biomech. 1991;24(8):659-671.
1991	Blankevoort L, Kuiper JH, Huiskes R, Grootenboer HJ. Articular contact in a three-dimensional model of the knee. J Biomech. 1991;24(11):1019-1031.
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1992	Li J. An Integrated Gait Analysis System (QGAIT) for Evaluation of Individual Loading Patterns At Knee Joint During Gait [PhD thesis]. Queen's University; November 1992.
2001	White DA. Factors Affecting Changes in Joint Alignment Following Knee Osteotomy Surgery [Master's thesis]. Queen's University; May 2001.
1989	Yamaguchi GT. Feasibility and Conceptual Design of Functional Neuromuscular Stimulation Systems for the Restoration of Natural Gait to Paraplegics Based on Dynamic Musculoskeletal Models [PhD thesis]. Stanford University; August 1989.
2006	Shin CS. The Development, Validation, and Applications of a Three-Dimensional Dynamic Specimen-Specific Knee Model to Study Acl Strain [PhD thesis]. Stanford University; September 2006.
1989	Read L. A Two-Dimensional Knee Joint Model Applied to Landing Movements in Alpine Skiing [Master's thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; December 1989.
2006	Monteleone BJ. Effects of Functional Ankle Instability on Ankle Joint Complex Dynamics and Motor Control [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; August 2006.
2000	Haut Donahue TL. A Finite Element Model of the Human Knee Joint for the Study of Meniscal Replacements [PhD thesis]. Davis, University of California; 2000.
1988	Son K. Biomechanical Analyses of Weight-Moving Tasks in the Seated Position [PhD thesis]. University of Michigan; 1988.
2002	Gardiner JC. Computational Modeling of Ligament Mechanics [PhD thesis]. University of Utah; May 2002.
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2012	Schmitz A. The Importance of Including Knee Joint Laxity in Dynamic Musculoskeletal Simulations of Movement [PhD thesis]. University of Wisconsin – Madison; 2012.