Traditional and non-traditional risk factors for osteoporosis in CKD

Jørgensen, Hanne Skou<sup>1,2</sup>; David, Karel<sup>1,3</sup>; Salam, Syazrah<sup>4,5</sup>; Evenepoel, Pieter<sup>1,6</sup>

Affiliations

¹Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

²Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

³Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

⁴Sheffield Kidney Institute, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK

⁵Academic Unit of Bone Metabolism and 3 Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK

⁶Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

Abstract and keywords

Osteoporosis is a state of bone fragility with reduced skeletal resistance to trauma, and consequently increased risk of fracture. A wide range of conditions, including traditional risk factors, lifestyle choices, diseases and their treatments may contribute to bone fragility. It is therefore not surprising that the multi-morbid patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is at a particularly high risk. CKD is associated with reduced bone quantity, as well as impaired bone quality. Bone fragility in CKD is a composite of primary osteoporosis, accumulation of traditional and uremia-related risk factors, assaults brought on by systemic disease, and detrimental effects of drugs. Some risk factors are modifiable and represent potential targets for intervention. This review provides an overview of the heterogeneity of bone fragility in CKD.

Keywords: Bone density; Chronic kidney disease—mineral and bone disorder; Chronic renal insufficiency; Fracture; Kidney transplantation; Osteoporosis

Links

DOI: 10.1007/s00223-020-00786-0

PubMed: 33586002

WoS: 000617828900001

History

Received: 2020-10-14

Accepted: 2020-12-02

Online: 2021-02-14

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Cited By (2)

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2022	Jørgensen HS, Borghs H, Heye S, Smout D, Claes K, Evenepoel P. Vascular calcification of the abdominal aorta has minimal impact on lumbar spine bone density in patients with chronic kidney disease. Bone. September 2022;162:116482.
2021	Cannata-Andía J, Carrillo-López N, Ferreira A. Bone in CKD, a fascinating evolving topic. Calcif Tiss Int. April 2021;108(4):407-409.