Head trajectories of post mortem human surrogates in moderate-speed rear impacts

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Kang, Yun-Seok¹; Moorhouse, Kevin²; Bolte, IV, John H.¹

Head trajectories of post mortem human surrogates in moderate-speed rear impacts

Proceedings of the 2019 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury

Affiliations

¹Injury Biomechanics Research Center at the Ohio State University in Columbus, OH, USA

²Applied Biomechanics Division at the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) at NHTSA’s Vehicle Research and Test Center (VRTC) in East Liberty, OH, USA
Abstract and keywords

One potential non-standard seating configuration for vehicles with automated driving systems is to have seating that faces the centre of the vehicle. This would result in the rear-facing seats experiencing rearimpact crash dynamics when the vehicle is in a frontal collision. Because rear crashes often occur at low speeds, there are limited biomechanical data in this seating configuration in moderate speed rear impacts. The objective of this study was to investigate head trajectories of post-mortem human surrogates (PMHS) with respect to seats that have different seat back rotations, so that human body models and anthropomorphic test devices can be evaluated and potentially modified to better reflect head trajectories. Twenty-one rear impact sled tests using fifteen PMHS were conducted with ∆Vs ranging from 17 to 24 km/h. The PMHS were placed in both experimental and production seats that exhibited seat back rotations ranging from 5 to 35 degrees. The head average downward displacements were 48.7 mm (17 km/h) and 140.3 mm (24 km/h) in the experimental seats, while the average upward displacements were 47.9 mm (17 km/h) and 83.6 mm (24 km/h) in the production seats. This directional difference in the z direction is likely due to the higher rotation of the seat back in the experimental seat than in the production seat and different subject interaction with the seat back from different seat back properties.

Keywords: automated vehicle; head trajectories; rear impact; rear-facing; seat back rotation
Links

URL: http://www.ircobi.org/wordpress/downloads/irc19/pdf-files/22.pdf

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