Age changes in bone mineralization, cortical thickness, and Haversian canal area

wbldb

Thompson, D. D.¹

Age changes in bone mineralization, cortical thickness, and Haversian canal area

Calcif Tiss Int. December 1980;31(1):5-11

©1980 Springer-Verlag

Affiliations

¹Laboratory of Biological Anthropology, Department of Biobehavioral Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06268, USA
Abstract and keywords

Age-related changes in femoral cortical bone were quantified in an age-graded series of human cadavers. Variables included in this study were cortical thickness, bone mineral content, cortical bone density, summed Haversian canal area, Haversian canal number, and mean Haversian canal area. Females showed significant (P<0.05) decreases in cortical thickness, bone mineral content, and cortical bone density when plotted against age. Males exhibited slight nonsignificant declines for cortical thickness, bone mineral content, and cortical bone density. Both males and females exhibited significant (P<0.05) age-related increases in summed Haversian canal area values and Haversian canal number. Females as a group were found to exhibit significantly (P<0.05) larger mean Haversian canal area values compared with males, but the male group exhibited more Haversian canals per unit area of cortical bone compared with females.

Intercorrelations between the bone mineral index and summed Haversian canal area and between cortical bone density and summed Haversian canal area define the role of increasing Haversian canal number and mean canal size per unit area of cortical bone as a factor in the reduction of bone mass as a function of age. Partial correlations between the bone mass variables and the variables assessing Haversian canal size and number further support this argument.

Keywords: Absorptiometry; Cortical thickness; Bone mineral; Haversian canal
Links

DOI: 10.1007/BF02407161

PubMed: 6770973

WoS: A1980JW42100002
History

Received: 1978-11-30

Revised: 1979-10-15

Accepted: 1979-10-15

Cited Works (2)

Year	Entry
1960	Jowsey J. Age changes in human bone. Clin Orthop. 1960;17:210-218.
1964	Smith RW Jr, Walker RR. Femoral expansion in aging women: implications for osteoporosis and fractures. Science. July 10, 1964;145(3628):156-157.

Cited By (44)

Year	Entry
1993	Brockstedt H, Kassem M, Eriksen EF, Mosekilde L, Melsen F. Age- and sex-related changes in iliac cortical bone mass and remodeling. Bone. July–August 1993;14(4):681-691.
1994	Crofts RD, Boyce TM, Bloebaum RD. Aging changes in osteon mineralization in the human femoral neck. Bone. March–April 1994;15(2):147-152.
1995	Louis O, Boulpaep F, Willnecker J, Van den Winkel P, Osteaux M. Cortical mineral content of the radius assessed by peripheral QCT predicts compressive strength on biomechanical testing. Bone. March 1995;16(3):375-379.
1997	Yeni YN, Brown CU, Wang Z, Norman TL. The influence of bone morphology on fracture toughness of the human femur and tibia. Bone. November 1997;21(4):453-459.
1998	Yeni YN, Brown CU, Norman TL. Influence of bone composition and apparent density on fracture toughness of the human femur and tibia. Bone. January 1998;22(1):79-84.
1998	Boyde A, Compston JE, Reeve J, Bell KL, Noble BS, Jones SJ, Loveridge N. Effect of estrogen suppression on the mineralization density of iliac crest biopsies in young women as assessed by backscattered electron imaging. Bone. March 1998;22(3):241-250.
1999	Bell KL, Loveridge N, Power J, Garrahan N, Meggitt BF, Reeve J. Regional differences in cortical porosity in the fractured femoral neck. Bone. January 1999;24(1):57-64.
2000	Bell KL, Loveridge N, Jordan GR, Power J, Constant CR, Reeve J. A novel mechanism for induction of increased cortical porosity in cases of intracapsular hip fracture. Bone. August 2000;27(2):297-304.
2007	Ebacher V, Tang C, McKay H, Oxland TR, Guy P, Wang R. Strain redistribution and cracking behavior of human bone during bending. Bone. May 2007;40(5):1265-1275.
2013	Zebaze R, Ghasem-Zadeh A, Mbala A, Seeman E. A new method of segmentation of compact-appearing, transitional and trabecular compartments and quantification of cortical porosity from high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomographic images. Bone. May 2013;54(1):8-20.
2016	Bach-Gansmo FL, Brüel A, Jensen MV, Ebbesen EN, Birkedal H, Thomsen JS. Osteocyte lacunar properties and cortical microstructure in human iliac crest as a function of age and sex. Bone. October 2016;91:11-19.
2018	Andreasen CM, Delaisse J-M, van der Eerden BCJ, van Leeuwen JPTM, Ding M, Andersen TL. Understanding age-induced cortical porosity in women: is a negative BMU balance in quiescent osteons a major contributor? Bone. December 2018;117:70-82.
2020	Andreasen CM, Bakalova LP, Brüel A, Hauge EM, Kiil BJ, Delaisse J-M, Kersh ME, Thomsen JS, Andersen TL. The generation of enlarged eroded pores upon existing intracortical canals is a major contributor to endocortical trabecularization. Bone. January 2020;130:115127.
2022	Bolger MW, Romanowicz GE, Bigelow EMR, Ward FS, Ciarelli A, Jepsen KJ, Kohn DH. Divergent mechanical properties of older human male femora reveal unique combinations of morphological and compositional traits contributing to low strength. Bone. October 2022;163:116481.
1983	Laval-Jeantet A-M, Bergot C, Carroll R, Garcia-Schaefer F. Cortical bone senescence and mineral bone density of the humerus. Calcif Tiss Int. 1983;35(3):268-272.
1990	Mazess RB. Fracture risk: a role for compact bone. Calcif Tiss Int. October 1990;47(4):191-193.
1993	Grynpas M. Age and disease-related changes in the mineral of bone. Calcif Tiss Int. February 1993;53(suppl 1):S57-S64.
1982	Mazess RB. On aging bone loss. Clin Orthop Relat Res. May 1982;165:239-252.
2005	Ritchie RO, Kinney JH, Kruzic JJ, Nalla RK. A fracture mechanics and mechanistic approach to the failure of cortical bone. Fatigue Fract Eng Mater Struct. April 2005;28(4):345-371.
1997	Feik SA, Thomas CDL, Clement JG. Age‐related changes in cortical porosity of the midshaft of the human femur. J Anat. October 1997;191(3):407-416.
2002	Yamashita J, Li X, Furman BR, Rawls HR, Wang X, Agrawal CM. Collagen and bone viscoelasticity: a dynamic mechanical analysis. J Biomed Mater Res. 2002;63(1):31-36.
1991	Foldes J, Parfitt AM, Shih MS, Rao DS, Kleerekoper M. Structural and geometric changes in iliac bone: relationship to normal aging and osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res. July 1991;6(7):759-766.
1996	Hangartner TN, Gilsanz V. Evaluation of cortical bone by computed tomography. J Bone Miner Res. October 1996;11(10):1518-1525.
1999	Stein MS, Feik SA, Thomas CDL, Clement JG, Wark JD. An automated analysis of intracortical porosity in human femoral bone across age. J Bone Miner Res. April 1999;14(4):624-632.
2001	Bousson V, Meunier A, Bergot C, Vicaut É, Rocha MA, Morais MH, Laval‐Jeantet A, Laredo J. Distribution of intracortical porosity in human midfemoral cortex by age and gender. J Bone Miner Res. July 2001;16(7):1308-1317.
2018	Andreasen CM, Delaisse J, van der Eerden BCJ, van Leeuwen JPTM, Ding M, Andersen TL. Understanding age-induced cortical porosity in women: the accumulation and coalescence of eroded cavities upon existing intracortical canals is the main contributor. J Bone Miner Res. April 2018;33(4):606-620.
2003	Lieberman DE, Pearson OM, Polk JD, Demes B, Crompton AW. Optimization of bone growth and remodeling in response to loading in tapered mammalian limbs. J Exp Biol. September 15, 2003;206(18):3125-3138.
1990	Boyce TM, Bloebaum RD, Bachus KN, Skedros JG. Reproducible methods for calibrating the backscattered electron signal for quantitative assessment of mineral content in bone. Scanning Microsc. September 1990;4(3):591-600.
2004	Pearson OM, Lieberman DE. The aging of Wolff's "law": ontogeny and responses to mechanical loading in cortical bone. Yearb Phys Anthropol. 2004;47:63-99.
2002	Dong X. Micromechanics of Osteonal Cortical Bone [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2002.
28	Wang M. Effect of Osteonal Microstructure on Crack Propagation: A Computational Study [PhD thesis]. Loughborough University; October 28.
2000	Richman CC. In Vitro and in Vivo Studies on Bone Formation [PhD thesis]. Loma Linda University; March 2000.
2005	George WT. Multiaxial Fracture Characteristics of Aging Human Bone [PhD thesis]. Troy, NY: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; April 2005.
2006	Diab T. The Role of Damage Morphology in Age-Related Increase in Bone Fragility [PhD thesis]. Troy, NY: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; 2006.
2018	Bachmann S. Age, Sex and Treatment Related Changes of Bone Mineral Density Based on Ct Data [Master's thesis]. Vienna University of Technology; October 2018.
2005	Ashe MC. Upper Limb Bone Health: Cadaveric, Imaging and Clinical Studies With Special Emphasis on Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography [PhD thesis]. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia; April 2005.
2011	Ebacher V. Experimental Study of Deformation and Microcracking in Human Cortical Bone [PhD thesis]. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia; May 2011.
1981	Ruff CB. Structural Changes in the Lower Limb Bones With Aging At Pecos Pueblo [PhD thesis]. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania; 1981.
1993	Boyce TM. Aging Changes Within the Human Femoral Neck Cortex [PhD thesis]. University of Utah; August 1993.
1998	Vajda EG. Age-Related Changes in the Microstructure and Mineralization of the Female Proximal Femur [PhD thesis]. University of Utah; March 1998.
2007	Rosenbaum TG. Effects of a Femoral Component and Patient Factors on Periprosthetic Cortical Bone [PhD thesis]. University of Utah; May 2007.
2011	Lala D. Determinants of Fracture Risk Among Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Control Study [Master's thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2011.
2015	Lynch SK. Characterization of Rib Cortical Bone Thickness Changes With Age and Sex [Master's thesis]. Winston-Salem, NC: Wake Forest University; May 2015.
1998	Yeni YN. Fracture Mechanics of Human Cortical Bone: The Relationship of Geometry, Microstructure and Composition With the Fracture of the Tibia, Femoral Shaft and the Femoral Neck [PhD thesis]. Morgantown, WV: West Virginia University; 1998.