Obesity is an independent risk factor of mortality in severely injured blunt trauma patients

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Neville, Angela L.¹; Brown, Carlos V. R.¹; Weng, Janie¹; Demetriades, Demetrios¹; Velmahos, George C.¹

Obesity is an independent risk factor of mortality in severely injured blunt trauma patients

Arch Surg. September 2004;139(9):983-987

©2004 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Affiliations

¹Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Critical Care, Los Angeles County and University of Southern California Medical Center, Los Angeles.
Abstract

Hypothesis: Obesity is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in critically injured blunt trauma patients.

Design: Case-control study of all critically injured blunt trauma patients between January 2002 and December 2002.

Setting: Academic level I trauma center at a county referral hospital.

Patients:Two hundredforty-two consecutive patients admitted to the intensive care unit following blunt trauma. Patients were divided into 2 groups by body mass index. The obese group was defined as having a body mass index of 30 kg/m2 or higher, and the nonobese group was defined as having a body mass index lower than 30 kg/m².

Main Outcome Measures: Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors for mortality. Complications and length of stay were also evaluated.

Results: Of the 242 patients, 63 (26%) were obese, and 179 (74%) were nonobese. The obese and nonobese groups were similar with regard to age (mean±SD, 49±18 years vs 45±22 years), male sex (63% vs 72%), Glasgow Coma Scale score (mean±SD, 11±5 vs 11±5), and injury severity score (mean±SD, 21±13 vs 20±14). The obese group had a higher body mass index (mean±SD, 35±7 vs 24±3; P<.001). Mechanisms of injury and injury patterns were similar between groups. The obese group had a higher incidence of multiple organ failure (13% vs 3%; P=.02) and mortality (32% vs 16%; P=.008). Obesity was an independent predictor of mortality with an adjusted odds ratio of 5.7 (95% confidence interval, 1.9-19.6; P=.003).

Conclusions: Critically injured obese trauma patients have similar demographics and injury patterns as nonobese patients. Obesity is an independent predictor of mortality following severe blunt trauma.
Links

DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.139.9.983

PubMed: 15381617

WoS: 000223750200016
History

Accepted: 2004-05-19

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2011	Yoganandan N, Fitzharris M, Pintar FA, Stemper BD, Rinaldi J, Maiman DJ, Fildes BN. Demographics, velocity distributions, and impact type as predictors of AIS 4+ head injuries in motor vehicle crashes. In: 55th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 3-5, 2011; Paris, France.267-280.
2015	Beahlen B, Beebe M, Crandell J, Forman J, Joodaki H. First generation obese ATD (FGOA). In: Proceedings of the 24th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 8-11, 2015; Gothenburg, Sweden.
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