Risk of cervical lesions in real-world and simulated collisions

Foret-Bruno, J. Y.; Tarrière, C.; Le Coz, J. Y.; Got, C.; Guillon, F.

Affiliations

¹Laboratoire de Physiologie et de Bioméanique, Associé à Peugeot S.A./Renault, 132 rue des Suisses, 92000 Nanterre, France

²Hôpital Ambroise Paré, 9 Avenue Charles de Gaulle, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France

³Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, 104 Boulevard Raymond Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France

Abstract

The Laboratory of Physiology and Biomechanics associated with Peugeot (PSA) and Renault has two sources of data which it can use to contribute to an understanding of the risk of and mechanism involved in cervical lesions. These two data sources are as follows:

The laboratory's multi-disciplinary survey concerning car occupants sustaining bodily injuries in collisions, which at present covers 6589 vehicles and 9789 front-seat casualties.
375 experimental tests with cadavers: simulated frontal and side collisions, free falls, tests with impact devices, etc..

The first section of this paper will focus on the risk of cervical lesions with or without direct head impact for restrained occupants only involved in various types of real-world collision.

The second section will discuss tests with cadavers which permit a better understanding of the mechanism of cervical lesions, especially by measurements of various physical parameters (maximum head/thorax angle, angular velocity and acceleration, etc.).

Cited Works (6)

Year	Entry
1989	Foret-Bruno J, Brun-Cassan F, Brigout C, Tarrière C. Thoracic deflection of Hybrid III: dummy response for simulations of real accidents. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). May 29–June 1, 1989; Göteborg, Sweden.650-660.
1987	Bendjellal F, Tarriere C, Gillet D, Mack P, Guillon F. Head and neck responses under high g-level lateral deceleration. In: Proceedings of the 31st Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 9-11, 1987; New Orleans, LA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:29-47. SAE 872196.
1987	Chamouard F, Trosseille X, Pincemaille Y, Tarriere C. Methodological aspects of an experimental research on cerebral tolerance on the basis of boxers' training fights. In: Proceedings of the 31st Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 9-11, 1987; New Orleans, LA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:15-28. SAE 872195.
1989	Pincemaille Y, Trosseille X, Mack P, Tarrière C, Breton F, Renault B. Some new data related to human tolerance obtained from volunteer boxers. In: Proceedings of the 33rd Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 4-6, 1989; Washington, DC. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:177-190. SAE 892435.
1987	Bendjellal F, Tarriere C, Stalnacker RL, Gillet D, Ulman MS, Guillon F. The biofidelity of the EUROSID neck. In: Proceedings of the 1987 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 8-10, 1987; Birmingham, UK.263-283.
1979	Horsch JD, Schneider DC, Kroell CK, Raasch FD. Response of belt restrained subjects in simulated lateral impact. In: Proceedings of the 23rd Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 17-19, 1979; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:71-103. SAE 791005.

Cited By (7)

Year	Entry
1994	Barnsley L, Lord S, Bogduk N. Whiplash injury. Pain. September 1994;58(3):283-307.
1992	Huelke DF, Mackay GM, Morris A, Bradford M. Cervical fractures and fracture-dislocations without head impacts sustained by restrained occupants. In: 36th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 5-7, 1992; Portland, OR.1-23.
2001	Welsh R, Lenard J. Male and female car drivers: differences in collision and injury risks. In: 45th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). September 24-26, 2001; San Antonio, TX.
1996	Huelke DF, Reed RT. Cranial-vertebral fractures and dislocations associated with steering wheel airbag deployment. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 13-16, 1996; Melbourne, Australia.110-115.
1991	James MB, Strother CE, Warner CY, Decker RL, Perl TR. Occupant protection in rear-end collisions, I: safety priorities and seat belt effectiveness. In: Proceedings of the 35th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 18-20, 1991; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:369-377. SAE 912913.
1993	Huelke DF, Mackay GM, Morris A, Bradford M. A review of cervical fractures and fracture-dislocations without head impacts sustained by restrained occupants. Accid Anal Prev. December 1993;25(6):731-743.
2012	Luck JF. The Biomechanics of the Perinatal, Neonatal and Pediatric Cervical Spine: Investigation of the Tensile, Bending and Viscoelastic Response [PhD thesis]. Durham, NC: Duke University; 2012.