Injury severity versus crash severity for front seat car occupants involved in front and side impacts

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Jones, Ian S.¹

Injury severity versus crash severity for front seat car occupants involved in front and side impacts

26th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM)

Affiliations

¹Oxford Road Accident Group, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, England
Abstract

This paper looks at the relationship between injury severity and crash severity in frontal and side impacts for both restrained and unrestrained occupants. Injury severity is measured using the Abreviated Injury Scale for specific body regions and MAIS to measure overall severity. Crash severity is quantified using velocity change.

The results are based on a representative sample of 1100 accident cases investigated in depth. Where possible accidents were reconstructed with the CRASH 2 computer program to provide reliable estimates of velocity change. Comprehensive injury data for occupants involved in these accidents was compiled by monitoring each injured occupant admitted to the accident hospital.

The most frequent types of injury, by body region and severity and their corresponding injury sources are presented.

Distributions of velocity change are given for front and side impacts, and by correlating the injury data with crash severity mean injury levels are determined.
Cited Works (1)

Year Entry

1980 The Abbreviated Injury Scale 1980 Revision. Morton Grove, IL: Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM); 1980.

Cited By (13)

Year	Entry
1991	Fildes BN, Lane JC, Lenard J, Vulcan AP. Passenger Cars and Occupant Injury. Monash University Accident Research Centre, Cr95. Canberra, Australia: Federal Office of Road Safety; March 1991. Report No. CR95.
1994	Fildes BN, Lane JC, Lenard J, Vulcan AP. Passenger Cars and Occupant Injury: Side Impact Crashes. Canberra, Australia: Federal Office of Road Safety; April 1994. Report No. CR 134.
1985	Backaitis SH, Dalmotas D. Injury patterns and injury sources of unrestrained and three point belt restrained car occupants in injury producing frontal collisions. In: 29th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 7-9, 1985; Washington, DC.365-391.
1990	Fildes BN, Vulcan AP, Lenard J. Occupant safety in modern passenger cars. In: 34th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 1-3, 1990; Scottsdale, AZ.227-251.
1990	Haland Y, Lovsund P, Nygren A. Estimation of fatalities and disabilities in car to car side impacts: an evaluation of different risk factors. In: 34th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 1-3, 1990; Scottsdale, AZ.275-287.
1999	Augenstein J, Perdeck E, Bowen J, Stratton J, Singer M, Horton T, Rao A, Digges K, Malliaris A, Steps J. Injuries in near-side collisions. In: 43rd Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). September 20-21, 1999; Barcelon, Spain.139-158.
2000	Arbogast KB, Moll EK, Morris SD, Anderko RL, Durbin DR, Winston FK. Factors influencing pediatric injury in side impact collisions. In: 44th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 2-4, 2000; Chicago, IL.
1994	Fildes B, Vulcan P, Lane J, Lenard J. Side impact crashes in Australia. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 23-26, 1994; Munich, Germany.906-918.
1996	Pipkorn B. A mathematical hybrid model for evaluating vehicle performance in car-to-car side impacts. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 13-16, 1996; Melbourne, Australia.704-719.
1989	Walfisch G, Pouget D, Thomas C, Tarrière C. Head risks in frontal impacts: similarities and differences between tests and real-life situations. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). May 29–June 1, 1989; Göteborg, Sweden.563-569.
1988	Thomas P, Bradford M. Side impact severity: the use of discriminant analysis to classify injury. In: Proceedings of the 1988 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 14-16, 1988; Bergisch-Gladbach, West Germany.131-146.
1990	Fildes BN, Vulcan AP. Crash performance and occupant safety in passenger cars involved in side impacts. In: Proceedings of the 1990 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 12-14, 1990; Lyon, France.121-140.
2000	Augenstein J, Bowen J, Perdeck E, Singer M, Stratton J, Horton T, Rao A, Digges K, Malliaris A, Steps J. Injury patterns in near-side collisions. In: Proceedings of the SAE World Congress. March 6-9, 2000; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 2000-01-0634.