In order to grasp the present situatlon of pedestrian accident ln Japan, we have analyzed national statistical data on traffic accidentr and conducted in-depth case studies on traffici accidents which involved 115 pedestrians against front portions of bonnet type cars. As a result, it is found that the age group of 60 years or older account for about half of the fatalities, and that passenger cars account for 60% or so of four-wheelers involved in those accidents. About 70% of pedestrians for passenger cars were hit by the front portions of the vehicles. Head injurles caused by impacts against top surface of bonnets and leg injuries caused by impacts against front bumpers show high incidence rates. 1) Children, in particular, account for two-thirds of impacts against top surface of bonnets, 2) Injuries in chest, abdomen and pelvis tend to become severer for adults than for children, given the same impact speed, and 3) femur bone fractures of children are found when the bumper lead is of length about 80 mm or more. It will be hence vital to take sufficient account of the difference in stature when considering the protection of pedestrians in relation to vehicle structures, since contacted areas of vehicles differ between adults and children, even if the region of injuries is the same, and locations of impacts tend to differ, even if the contacted area is the same.