Human volunteer kinematics in rear-end sled collisions

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Davidsson, Johan¹; Deutscher, Christian²; Hell, Wolfram³; Lövsund, Per¹; Svensson, Mats Y.¹

Human volunteer kinematics in rear-end sled collisions

J Crash Prev Injury Control. 2001;2(4):319-333

©2001 OPA (Overseas Publishers Association) N.V.

Affiliations

¹Department of Machine and Vehicle Design, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Göteborg, Sweden

²Allianz Zentrum fur Technik GmbH, Institut Kraftfahrzeugtechnik, Krausstraβe 14, 85729 Ismaning, Germany

³GDV Institute for Vehicle Safety, Leopoldstraβe 20, 80802, München, Germany
Abstract and keywords

Validation of new crash test dummies for rear-end collision testing requires human response data from pertinent test situations. Eleven human volunteers were exposed to 23 low-speed rear impacts to determine human response in well-defined test seats, and to quantify repeatability, variability and the effect of seat design on human response.

The results showed vertical motion of the volunteers’ H-point caused by ramping up along the seat, and an upward motion of the volunteers’ torso and head. The latter was caused by a combination of ramping up along the seatback and straightening of the thoracic kyphosis. During the first 100 ms, the volunteers flexed their necks. Thereafter, the volunteers extended their necks. These new data have proven to be useful in validation of rear-impact dummies.

Keywords: Kinematics, Rear Impact, Volunteer, Validation, Whiplash
Links

DOI: 10.1080/10286580008902576
History

Received: 2000-07-10

Accepted: 2001-03-12

Online: 2007-02-05

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Cited By (6)

Year	Entry
2013	Park S-J, Yang K, Lee H-S, Park N-K, Hong SW, Yoo J-H, Kim H. A study of impact on head and neck using human volunteer low-speed rear impact tests [in Korean]. Korean J Leg Med. May 2013;37(2):66-72.
2016	Feller L, Kleinbach C, Fehr J, Schmitt S. Incorporating muscle activation dynamics into the Global Human Body Model. In: Proceedings of the 2016 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 14-16, 2016; Malaga, Spain.512-523.
2009	Walsh JC. The Influence of Scoliosis and Wheechair Customisations in Rear Impact [PhD thesis]. Dublin, Ireland: Trinity College Dublin; 2009.
2019	Fice JB. Neuromechanics of Neck Muscles: Implications for Whiplash Injury [PhD thesis]. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia; April 2019.
2020	Fewster KM. Exploring Low to Moderate Velocity Motor Vehicle Rear Impacts as a Viable Injury Mechanism in the Lumbar Spine [PhD thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2020.
2015	Beeman SM. Biomechanical Response of Human Volunteers and Surrogates in a Variety of Loading Regimes [PhD thesis]. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; 2015.