This paper is devoted to the characterization of human humerus behavior using a multi‐scale approach for the estimation of the ultimate impact load. First, we present the experimental tests on human humeral bone in order to identify and quantitatively assess the mechanical properties. Then, we propose a micromechanical modeling of the elastic anisotropic properties of the humerus based on the coupling between the Mori‐Tanaka homogenization scheme and a hex‐shell Finite Element model. The obtained micromechanical model is implemented via a UMAT routine within the explicit dynamic code LS‐DYNA©. The obtained numerical results show globally good agreement when compared to the experimental measurements.