Computational human body models

Wismans, Jac<sup>1</sup>; Happee, Riender<sup>2</sup>; van Dommelen, J. A. W.<sup>3</sup>

Affiliations

²TNO Automotive Safety Solutions, Delft, The Netherlands

³Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands

Abstract and keywords

Computational human body models are widely used for automotive crashsafety research and design and as such have significantly contributed to a reduction of traffic injuries and fatalities. Currently crash simulations are mainly performed using models based on crash-dummies. However crash dummies differ significantly from the real human body and moreover crash dummies are only available for a limited set of body sizes. Models of the real human body offer some promising advantages including the prediction of injury mechanisms and injury criteria. In this paper, a review will be given of a number of developments in the field of occupant crash simulations in the past 40 years. Topics presented include history of occupant crash simulation codes, human body geometry, human body material modelling and model quality rating. A discussion on foreseen future developments in this field will conclude this paper.

Keywords: vehicle safety; injury biomechanics; simulation models; vehicle design

Links

DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-3796-1_43

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Cited By (8)

Year	Entry
2007	van der Laan E, Veldpaus F, Steinbuch M. Control oriented modeling of vehicular occupants and restraint systems. In: Proceedings of the 2007 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 19-21, 2007; Maastricht, The Netherlands.47-58.
2007	Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Stemper BD, Gennarelli TA, Weigelt JA. Biomechanics of side impact: injury criteria, aging occupants, and airbag technology. J Biomech. 2007;40(2):227-243.
2010	Östh J. Active Muscle Responses in a Finite Element Human Body Model [Licentiate thesis]. Götenburg, Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology; 2010.
2014	Mendoza Vázquez M. Thoracic Injuries in Frontal Car Crashes: Risk Assessment Using a Finite Element Human Body Model [PhD thesis]. Gothenburg, Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology; 2014.
2024	Leledakis A. Heterogeneity in Car Occupant Safety: Using Numerical Simulations to Address Real-World Safety [PhD thesis]. Götenburg, Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology; 2024.
2006	Esat V. Biomechanical Modelling of the Whole Human Spine for Dynamic Analysis [PhD thesis]. Loughborough University; June 2006.
2010	Hallman JJ. Detrimental Thoracoabdominal Interaction With Lateral Airbag Restraints [PhD thesis]. Marquette University; December 2010.
2018	Gierczycka D. Investigation of Thorax Response and Potential for Injury in Side Impacts Using Integrated Detailed Human and Vehicle Finite-Element Models [PhD thesis]. Waterloo, ON: University of Waterloo; 2018.