Correlation of different impact conditions to the injury severity of pedestrians in real world accidents

Yang, Jikuang; Yao, Jianfeng; Otte, Dietmar

Affiliations

¹Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden

²Hannover Medical University, Germany

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the correlation of different impact conditions to the injury severity and impact biomechanics of pedestrians in real world accidents, and study the tolerance level with focus on head-brain of adults and children via indepth analysis and reconstructions of real world accidents.

For this purpose, 188 pedestrian accident cases were selected from existing accident databases. Of which 186 cases obtained from GIDAS (German In-Depth Accident Study) documented by Accident Research Unit at Medical University Hannover in Germany, and 2 cases from Sweden. For each collected case, complete information regarding pedestrian injuries, accident cars, and crash environment was registered based on hospital clinical record and police report. In order to find the correlation of injuries observed in accident with physical parameters during a collision, reconstructions of selected 8 adult- and 12 child-pedestrian cases were conducted by using pedestrian and passenger car models. The pedestrian models were generated based on the height and weight of pedestrians involved in accidents. Each car model was built up based on the corresponding accident car. The mechanical properties of the accident cars were defined based on available data from EuroNCAP tests.

The correlations of calculated injury parameters with injury outcomes registered in the accident database were determined. Influences of impact conditions and pedestrian initial moving posture on HIC value were analyzed and discussed. Furthermore, the relative importance of the factors was determined according to their effects on various injury parameters. The difference of injury distribution and dynamic responses of pedestrians at various body sizes for adult and child were analyzed, which would provide background knowledge to develop safety counter-measures and protection devices.

Links

URL: http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pdf/esv/esv19/05-0352-O.pdf

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Year	Entry
2010	Badea A, Furones A, Páez FJ, González C. Multivariate modeling of pedestrian fatality risk through on the spot accident investigation. Int J Automot Technol. 2010;11(5):711-720.
2007	Anderson RWG, Streeter LD, Ponte G, McLean AJ. Pedestrian reconstruction using multibody MADYMO simulation and the Polar-II dummy: a comparison of head kinematics. In: Proceedings of the 20th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 18-21, 2007; Lyon, France.
2009	Feist F, Gugler J, Arregui-Dalmases C, del Pozo de Dios E, López-Valdés F, Deck C, Willinger R. Pedestrian collisions with flat-fronted vehicles: injury patterns and importance of rotational accelerations as a predictor for traumatic brain injury (TBI). In: Proceedings of the 21st International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 15-18, 2009; Stuttgart, Germany.
2013	Pal C, Tomosaburo O, Muthukumar M, Narayanan S. Human FE model to estimate head contact time for pedestrian protection. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 27-30, 2013; Seoul, South Korea.
2015	Subramanian HS, Mukherjee S, Chawla A, Vakhil SM, Varghese M, Mohan D. Pedestrian injuries in Delhi, India: analysis of hospital data. In: Proceedings of the 2015 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 9-11, 2015; Lyon, France.74-81.
2018	Nie B, Koelper C, Huang Y, Zhou Q. Computational investigation on rider kinematics of electric two‐wheel vehicles in collision with car. In: Proceedings of the 2018 International IRCOBI Asia Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. April 25-28, 2018; Lonavala, India.54-56.
2012	Jani D, Chawla A, Mukherjee S, Goyal R, Vusirikala N, Jayaraman S. Repositioning the knee joint in human body FE models using a graphics-based technique. Traffic Inj Prev. 2012;13(6):640-649.