A quasi-linear, viscoelastic, structural model of the plantar soft tissue with frequency-sensitive damping properties

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Ledoux, William R.; Meaney, David F.; Hillstrom, Howard J.

A quasi-linear, viscoelastic, structural model of the plantar soft tissue with frequency-sensitive damping properties

J Biomech Eng. 2004;126(6):831-837

Abstract

Little is known about the structural properties of plantar soft-tissue areas other than the heel; nor is it known whether the structural properties vary depending on location. Furthermore, although the quasi-linear viscoelastic (QLV) theory has been used to model many soft-tissue types, it has not been employed to model the plantar soft tissue. The structural properties of the plantar soft tissue were quantified via stress relaxation experiments at seven regions (subcalcaneal, five submetatarsal, and subhallucal) across eight cadaveric feet. The cadaveric feet were 36.9±17.4 (mean±S.D.) years of age, all free from vascular diseases and orthopedics disorders. All tests were performed at a constant environmental temperature of 35°C. Stress relaxation experiments were performed; different loads were employed for different areas based on normative gait data. A modification of the relaxation spectrum employed within the QLV theory allowed for the inclusion of frequency-sensitive relaxation properties in addition to nonlinear elastic behavior. The tissue demonstrated frequency-dependent damping properties that made the QLV theory ill suited to model the relaxation. There was a significant difference between the elastic structural properties (A) of the subcalcaneal tissue and all other areas (p = 0.004), and a trend (p = 0.067) for the fifth submetatarsal to have less viscous damping (c₁) than the subhallucal, or first, second, or third submetatarsal areas. Thus, the data demonstrate that the structural properties of the foot can vary across regions, but careful consideration must be given to the applied loads and the manner in which the loads were applied.
Links

PubMed: 15796342

WoS: 000227314700017

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2014	Gabler LF, Panzer MB, Salzar RS. High‐rate mechanical properties of human heel pad for simulation of a blast loading condition. In: Proceedings of the 2014 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 10-12, 2014; Berlin, Germany.796-808.
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2012	Luck JF. The Biomechanics of the Perinatal, Neonatal and Pediatric Cervical Spine: Investigation of the Tensile, Bending and Viscoelastic Response [PhD thesis]. Durham, NC: Duke University; 2012.
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2011	Duenwald-Kuehl S. Characterization of Tendon Mechanics: Experiment, Modeling, and Noninvasive Methods [PhD thesis]. University of Wisconsin – Madison; 2011.