Occupant protection in lateral impacts

Hartemann, F.; Thomas, C.; Foret-Bruno, J. Y.; Henry, C.; Fayon, A.; Tarriere, C.

THE FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY OF LESIONS SUSTAINED BY THE OCCUPANTS OF CARS IMPACTED LATERALLY depend upon the main following factors:

impact localization,
intrusion into passengers' compartment,
car speed variation,
direction of occupant trajectory,
objects contacted by the various body areas.

296 lateral impacts are being described hereunder by means of factors below.

Consequences are drawn therefrom as to the coming improvement of occupant protection taking account of the current state of the art in Biomechanics and automobile technique.

Year

Entry

2006

Gabauer DJ, Gabler HC. Comparison of delta-v and occupant impact velocity crash severity metrics using event data recorders. In: 50th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 16-18, 2006; Chicago, IL.57-71.

1994

Håland Y, Lindqvist M. Sensor for a side airbag: evaluation by a new subsystem test method. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 23-26, 1994; Munich, Germany.1079-.

1998

Guillemot H, Got C, Besnault B, Lavaste F, Robin S, Le Coz JY, Lassau J-P. Pelvic behavior in side collisions: static and dynamic tests on isolated pelvic bones. In: Proceedings of the 16th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 31–June 4, 1998; Windsor, Ontario, Canada.1412-1424.

1989

Shimoda N, Nishida Y, Akiyama A. Effects of belt restraint systems on occupant protection performance in side impact crashes. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). May 29–June 1, 1989; Göteborg, Sweden.963-968.

1977

Lachmann P. Car to car side collision: a comparison of accident analysis and research work. In: Proceedings of the 1977 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 7-9, 1977; Berlin, Germany.206-218.

1977

Langwieder K. Load of car structure and injuries of occupants in side impact car collisions with trucks and objects. In: Proceedings of the 1977 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 7-9, 1977; Berlin, Germany.219-241.

1977

Niederer P, Walz F, Zollinger U. Reconstruction and analysis of lateral collisions. In: Proceedings of the 1977 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 7-9, 1977; Berlin, Germany.286-296.

1977

Walz F, Niederer P, Zollinger U, Renfer A. Belted occupants in oblique and side impacts. In: Proceedings of the 1977 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 7-9, 1977; Berlin, Germany.194-205.

1978

Griffiths DK, Gebbels DR, Mackay GM. Some observations on the reconstruction of a side impact accident. In: Proceedings of the 1978 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 12-13, 1978; Lyon, France.157-170.

1979

Ramet M, Cesari D. Experimental study of pelvis tolerance in lateral impact. In: Proceedings of the 1979 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 5-7, 1979; Goeteborg, Sweden.243-249.

1980

Walfisch G, Fayon A, Tarriere C, Rosey JP, Guillon F, Got C, Patel A, Stalnaker RL. Designing of a dummy's abdomen for detecting injuries in side impact collisions. In: Proceedings of the 1980 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 9-11, 1980; Birmingham, England.149-164.

1981

Langwieder K, Hummel T, Sagerer F. Characteristics of neck injuries of car occupants. In: Proceedings of the 1981 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 8-10, 1981; Salon de Provence, France.78-97.

1993

Håland Y, Pipkorn B. A parametric study of a side airbag system to meet deflection based criteria. In: Proceedings of the 1993 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 8-10, 1993; Eindhoven, The Netherlands.339-353.

1978

Cesari D, Ramet M, Herry-Martin D. Injury mechanisms in side impact. In: Proceedings of the 22nd Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 24-26, 1978; Ann Arobor, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:431-447. SAE 780897.

1979

Horsch JD, Schneider DC, Kroell CK, Raasch FD. Response of belt restrained subjects in simulated lateral impact. In: Proceedings of the 23rd Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 17-19, 1979; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:71-103. SAE 791005.

1980

Foret-Bruno JY, Hartemann F, Thomas C, Tarrière C, Loyat B, Stcherbatcheff G, Got C, Patel A. Occupant velocity change in side impact method of calculation: application to a sample of real-world crashes. In: Proceedings of the 24th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 15-17, 1980; Troy, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:329-373. SAE 801308.

1980

Horsch JD. Occupant dynamics as a function of impact angle and belt restraint. In: Proceedings of the 24th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 15-17, 1980; Troy, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:419-438. SAE 801310.

1981

Beier G, Schuller E, Spann W. Risk and effectiveness of seat belts in munich area automobile accidents. In: Proceedings of the 25th Stapp Car Crash Conference. September 28-30, 1981; San Francisco, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:765-788. SAE 811023.

2010

Hallman JJ. Detrimental Thoracoabdominal Interaction With Lateral Airbag Restraints [PhD thesis]. Wilwaukee, WI: Marquette University; December 2010.

2003

Gabauer DJ. Evaluation of the Flail Space Model Utilizing Event Data Recorder Technology [Master's thesis]. Rowan University; December 2003.